Tawrin Baker, University of Pennsylvania.
Science History Institute (Philadelphia, PA)
Monday, February 12, 2018, 5:00 pm EST
315 Chestnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19106
Andreas Vesalius’s On the Fabric of the Human Body (1543) contains some of the most iconic images in the history of science and medicine, and it is a milestone in Renaissance visual culture generally. Despite the large body of scholarly work on Vesalius, we still don’t know precisely what his images meant in their context—what Vesalius’s pictures were doing, what they were for.
His set of figures in the section on the anatomy of the eye has been largely overlooked. The history of 16th-century visualizations of the eye, however, is unique. It is, in part, a history of the intertwining of the disciplines of anatomy, medicine, natural philosophy, and mathematical optics. Although each of the above sciences dealt with the nature of vision and the eye, at the beginning of the century members within each group rarely interacted across disciplinary lines, and the texts they produced focused narrowly on their own questions, controversies, and authorities. The images of the eye that increasingly populated their books, however, were more promiscuous.
This talk first traces the visualization of the eye in the transition from manuscript to print, along with printed images of the eye and related images (particularly diagrams of the cosmos) leading up to Vesalius’s 1543 treatise. I will then analyze Vesalius’s depiction of the eye and its parts, with reference to his text and to the general tradition of visual depiction in anatomy, mathematics, and philosophy. Finally, I will discuss the importance and influence of Vesalius’s images of the eye.